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这一节我们创建一个俄罗斯方块

俄罗斯方块

俄罗斯方块游戏是有史以来最受欢迎的电脑游戏。最初的游戏是由俄罗斯设计和编程的程序员阿列克谢帕基特诺夫于1985年。此后,俄罗斯方块是几乎所有的计算机平台上可用在很多变化。

俄罗斯方块称为积木拼图游戏。在这个游戏中,我们有七种不同形状叫tetrominoes:“s”形,Z-shape,t形,一个l型的空间,一个线,MirroredL-shape和正方形。这些形状的形成有四个方格。形状是跌倒。俄罗斯方块游戏的对象是移动和旋转的形状使他们适合尽可能多。如果我们设法形成一个行,该行摧毁我们得分。我们直到我们玩俄罗斯方块游戏。

PyQt5是一种用于创建应用程序的工具。还有其他的库是针对创建电脑游戏。然而,PyQt5和其他应用程序工具包可以用来创建简单的游戏。

创建一个电脑游戏是一个提高编程技能的很好的方发。

import sys, randomfrom PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QFrame, QDesktopWidget, QApplicationfrom PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, QBasicTimer, pyqtSignalfrom PyQt5.QtGui import QPainter, QColorclass Tetris(QMainWindow):    def __init__(self):        super().__init__()        self.initUI()    def initUI(self):        self.tboard = Board(self)        self.setCentralWidget(self.tboard)        self.statusbar = self.statusBar()        self.tboard.msg2Statusbar[str].connect(self.statusbar.showMessage)        self.tboard.start()        self.resize(180, 380)        self.center()        self.setWindowTitle("Tetris")        self.show()    def center(self):        screen = QDesktopWidget().screenGeometry()        size = self.geometry()        self.move(int((screen.width() - size.width()) / 2),                  int((screen.height() - size.height()) / 2))class Board(QFrame):    msg2Statusbar = pyqtSignal(str)    BoardWidth = 10    BoardHeight = 22    Speed = 300    def __init__(self, parent):        super().__init__(parent)        self.initBoard()    def initBoard(self):        self.timer = QBasicTimer()        self.isWaitingAfterLine = False        self.curX = 0        self.curY = 0        self.numLinesRemoved = 0        self.board = []        self.setFocusPolicy(Qt.StrongFocus)        self.isStarted = False        self.isPaused = False        self.clearBoard()    def shapeAt(self, x, y):        return self.board[(y * Board.BoardWidth) + x]    def setShapeAt(self, x, y, shape):        self.board[(y * Board.BoardWidth) + x] = shape    def squareWidth(self):        return self.contentsRect().width() // Board.BoardWidth    def squareHeight(self):        return self.contentsRect().height() // Board.BoardHeight    def start(self):        if self.isPaused:            return        self.isStarted = True        self.isWaitingAfterLine = False        self.numLinesRemoved = 0        self.clearBoard()        self.msg2Statusbar.emit(str(self.numLinesRemoved))        self.newPiece()        self.timer.start(Board.Speed, self)    def pause(self):        if not self.isStarted:            return        self.isPaused = not self.isPaused        if self.isPaused:            self.timer.stop()            self.msg2Statusbar.emit("paused")        else:            self.timer.start(Board.Speed, self)            self.msg2Statusbar.emit(str(self.numLinesRemoved))        self.update()    def paintEvent(self, event):        painter = QPainter(self)        rect = self.contentsRect()        boardTop = rect.bottom() - Board.BoardHeight * self.squareHeight()        for i in range(Board.BoardHeight):            for j in range(Board.BoardWidth):                shape = self.shapeAt(j, Board.BoardHeight - i - 1)                if shape != Tetrominoe.NoShape:                    self.drawSquare(painter,                                    rect.left() + j * self.squareWidth(),                                    boardTop + i * self.squareHeight(), shape)        if self.curPiece.shape() != Tetrominoe.NoShape:            for i in range(4):                x = self.curX + self.curPiece.x(i)                y = self.curY - self.curPiece.y(i)                self.drawSquare(painter, rect.left() + x * self.squareWidth(),                                boardTop + (Board.BoardHeight - y - 1) * self.squareHeight(),                                self.curPiece.shape())    def keyPressEvent(self, event):        if not self.isStarted or self.curPiece.shape() == Tetrominoe.NoShape:            super(Board, self).keyPressEvent(event)            return        key = event.key()        if key == Qt.Key_P:            self.pause()            return        if self.isPaused:            return        elif key == Qt.Key_Left:            self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX - 1, self.curY)        elif key == Qt.Key_Right:            self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX + 1, self.curY)        elif key == Qt.Key_Down:            self.tryMove(self.curPiece.rotateRight(), self.curX, self.curY)        elif key == Qt.Key_Up:            self.tryMove(self.curPiece.rotateLeft(), self.curX, self.curY)        elif key == Qt.Key_Space:            self.dropDown()        elif key == Qt.Key_D:            self.oneLineDown()        else:            super(Board, self).keyPressEvent(event)    def timerEvent(self, event):        if event.timerId() == self.timer.timerId():            if self.isWaitingAfterLine:                self.isWaitingAfterLine = False                self.newPiece()            else:                self.oneLineDown()        else:            super(Board, self).timerEvent(event)    def clearBoard(self):        for i in range(Board.BoardHeight * Board.BoardWidth):            self.board.append(Tetrominoe.NoShape)    def dropDown(self):        newY = self.curY        while newY > 0:            if not self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX, newY - 1):                break            newY -= 1        self.pieceDropped()    def oneLineDown(self):        if not self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX, self.curY - 1):            self.pieceDropped()    def pieceDropped(self):        for i in range(4):            x = self.curX + self.curPiece.x(i)            y = self.curY - self.curPiece.y(i)            self.setShapeAt(x, y, self.curPiece.shape())        self.removeFullLines()        if not self.isWaitingAfterLine:            self.newPiece()    def removeFullLines(self):        numFullLines = 0        rowsToRemove = []        for i in range(Board.BoardHeight):            n = 0            for j in range(Board.BoardWidth):                if not self.shapeAt(j, i) == Tetrominoe.NoShape:                    n = n + 1            if n == 10:                rowsToRemove.append(i)        rowsToRemove.reverse()        for m in rowsToRemove:            for k in range(m, Board.BoardHeight):                for l in range(Board.BoardWidth):                    self.setShapeAt(l, k, self.shapeAt(l, k + 1))        numFullLines = numFullLines + len(rowsToRemove)        if numFullLines > 0:            self.numLinesRemoved = self.numLinesRemoved + numFullLines            self.msg2Statusbar.emit(str(self.numLinesRemoved))            self.isWaitingAfterLine = True            self.curPiece.setShape(Tetrominoe.NoShape)            self.update()    def newPiece(self):        self.curPiece = Shape()        self.curPiece.setRandomShape()        self.curX = Board.BoardWidth // 2 + 1        self.curY = Board.BoardHeight - 1 + self.curPiece.minY()        if not self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX, self.curY):            self.curPiece.setShape(Tetrominoe.NoShape)            self.timer.stop()            self.isStarted = False            self.msg2Statusbar.emit("Game Over")    def tryMove(self, newPiece, newX, newY):        for i in range(4):            x = newX + newPiece.x(i)            y = newY - newPiece.y(i)            if x < 0 or x >= Board.BoardWidth or y < 0 or y >= Board.BoardHeight:                return False            if self.shapeAt(x, y) != Tetrominoe.NoShape:                return False        self.curPiece = newPiece        self.curX = newX        self.curY = newY        self.update()        return True    def drawSquare(self, painter, x, y, shape):        colorTable = [0x000000, 0xCC6666, 0x66CC66, 0x6666CC,                      0xCCCC66, 0xCC66CC, 0x66CCCC, 0xDAAA00]        color = QColor(colorTable[shape])        painter.fillRect(x + 1, y + 1, self.squareWidth() - 2,                         self.squareHeight() - 2, color)        painter.setPen(color.lighter())        painter.drawLine(x, y + self.squareHeight() - 1, x, y)        painter.drawLine(x, y, x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y)        painter.setPen(color.darker())        painter.drawLine(x + 1, y + self.squareHeight() - 1,                         x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y + self.squareHeight() - 1)        painter.drawLine(x + self.squareWidth() - 1,                         y + self.squareHeight() - 1, x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y + 1)class Tetrominoe(object):    NoShape = 0    ZShape = 1    SShape = 2    LineShape = 3    TShape = 4    SquareShape = 5    LShape = 6    MirroredLShape = 7class Shape(object):    coordsTable = (        ((0, 0), (0, 0), (0, 0), (0, 0)),        ((0, -1), (0, 0), (-1, 0), (-1, 1)),        ((0, -1), (0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1)),        ((0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2)),        ((-1, 0), (0, 0), (1, 0), (0, 1)),        ((0, 0), (1, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1)),        ((-1, -1), (0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1)),        ((1, -1), (0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1))    )    def __init__(self):        self.coords = [[0, 0] for i in range(4)]        self.pieceShape = Tetrominoe.NoShape        self.setShape(Tetrominoe.NoShape)    def shape(self):        return self.pieceShape    def setShape(self, shape):        table = Shape.coordsTable[shape]        for i in range(4):            for j in range(2):                self.coords[i][j] = table[i][j]        self.pieceShape = shape    def setRandomShape(self):        self.setShape(random.randint(1, 7))    def x(self, index):        return self.coords[index][0]    def y(self, index):        return self.coords[index][1]    def setX(self, index, x):        self.coords[index][0] = x    def setY(self, index, y):        self.coords[index][1] = y    def minX(self):        m = self.coords[0][0]        for i in range(4):            m = min(m, self.coords[i][0])        return m    def maxX(self):        m = self.coords[0][0]        for i in range(4):            m = max(m, self.coords[i][0])        return m    def minY(self):        m = self.coords[0][1]        for i in range(4):            m = min(m, self.coords[i][1])        return m    def maxY(self):        m = self.coords[0][1]        for i in range(4):            m = max(m, self.coords[i][1])        return m    def rotateLeft(self):        if self.pieceShape == Tetrominoe.SquareShape:            return self        result = Shape()        result.pieceShape = self.pieceShape        for i in range(4):            result.setX(i, self.y(i))            result.setY(i, -self.x(i))        return result    def rotateRight(self):        if self.pieceShape == Tetrominoe.SquareShape:            return self        result = Shape()        result.pieceShape = self.pieceShape        for i in range(4):            result.setX(i, -self.y(i))            result.setY(i, self.x(i))        return resultif __name__ == "__main__":    app = QApplication([])    tetris = Tetris()    sys.exit(app.exec_())

运行结果 ：

参考：

https://maicss.gitbooks.io/pyqt5/ http://zetcode.com/gui/pyqt5/ http://code.py40.com/pyqt5/

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